A most recent review of exercise prescription for overhead athletes with shoulder pathologies suggested that rehabilitation address all aspects of injury and recovery including exercises based on local, regional, and global approaches and exercises based on the specific athletic movement. These latest find- ings between the function of the lower extremity and dysfunction of the upper extremity reiterate the importance of the clinical awareness of the pathomechanics within the kinetic chain that can hinder overhead athlete performance and increase their risk of injury. Additionally, a relationship found between the trunk flexors, hip extensors and scapular dyskinesis shows the interconnectivity of the human body. Because of the dynamic nature of the overhead throw, the lower extremity generates a substantial amount of force during the throwing motion. Īlthough overhead athletes typically sustain injury to the upper extremity, practitioners are aware that the body behaves as a kinetic chain. However, clinical recognition by sports medicine personnel of movement abnormalities, such as a SICK scapula (scapular malposition, inferior medial border prominence, coracoid pain and malposition, and dyskinesis of scapular movement), can help prevent injury among overhead athletes. Overhead athletes are in danger for a multitude of injuries including partial articular-sided supraspinatus tendon avulsion (PASTA) and superior labrum anteroposterior (SLAP) tears because of the humeral head angulation against the glenoid capsule. Because athletes do not tell the whole story on a medical history questionnaire, it would be to the practitioner's advantage to be able to watch a dynamic movement, see a possible contraindication, and ask the right follow-up questions. Diagnosis of a potential counterintuitive variable observed through a dynamic movement assessment, which directly affects an overhead athlete's upper extremity health, should be of interest to coaches and practitioners alike.
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